The full alphabet

Greek has 24 letters, each with an uppercase and lowercase form. Search any name in Compose mode to insert the letter:

• Α α — Alpha · Β β — Beta · Γ γ — Gamma · Δ δ — Delta
• Ε ε — Epsilon · Ζ ζ — Zeta · Η η — Eta · Θ θ — Theta
• Ι ι — Iota · Κ κ — Kappa · Λ λ — Lambda · Μ μ — Mu
• Ν ν — Nu · Ξ ξ — Xi · Ο ο — Omicron · Π π — Pi
• Ρ ρ — Rho · Σ σ/ς — Sigma · Τ τ — Tau · Υ υ — Upsilon
• Φ φ — Phi · Χ χ — Chi · Ψ ψ — Psi · Ω ω — Omega

Sigma has two lowercase forms: σ is used at the start or middle of a word, and the final sigma ς is used at the end of a word.

Common scientific uses

A handful of Greek letters carry well-known meanings across disciplines:

• π (pi) — the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter, ≈ 3.14159.
• Δ / δ (delta) — change or difference; the lowercase often denotes a small change.
• Σ (sigma) — summation in maths; lowercase σ denotes standard deviation in statistics.
• λ (lambda) — wavelength in physics, and the rate parameter in probability.
• μ (mu) — the prefix "micro" (one millionth) and the mean of a distribution.
• θ / φ (theta, phi) — angles in geometry and trigonometry.
• Ω / ω (omega) — electrical resistance in ohms, and angular frequency.

Greek letters vs. lookalike symbols

Some Greek letters look almost identical to other Unicode symbols — the micro sign µ versus the Greek letter mu μ, for instance, are different codepoints that render the same. If precise meaning matters (for example in code or scientific data), use Decode mode to confirm exactly which character you have.